Medically reviewed by Mohamed T. Hassan, MD, DABVLM, RPV, on August 24, 2023
This article, written by Center for Vein Restoration vein physician Mohamed T. Hassan, MD, DABVLM, RPVI, addresses a common concern of individuals experiencing the discomfort of chronic venous insufficiency: Will vein disease impact how long I can expect to live?
Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI), also known as vein disease, is a medical condition that affects the veins in the lower extremities, impeding the normal flow of blood back to the heart. Over time, this condition can lead to a range of uncomfortable symptoms, including swelling, pain, skin changes, and venous ulcers. While it is not typically considered a life-threatening condition on its own, CVI can have a significant impact on a person's overall quality of life and may indirectly affect life expectancy.
In this blog, we will explore the connection between chronic venous insufficiency and life expectancy and discuss ways to manage this condition effectively.
Though chronic venous insufficiency itself may not directly reduce life expectancy, it can significantly impact a person's quality of life. The symptoms associated with CVI, such as leg pain, swelling, and ulcers, can cause discomfort and mobility issues. Additionally, chronic pain can lead to decreased physical activity, which may contribute to a sedentary lifestyle. Long periods of inactivity can, in turn, increase the risk of other health conditions, including obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes.
Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the skin and tissues beneath the skin. Cellulitis infections can occur in the legs of people with untreated varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency. The reason for this is that chronic venous insufficiency causes inflammation within the skin and underlying tissues.
This inflammatory process causes the skin to become firm, eczema-like, dry, itchy, and fragile. Healthy skin acts as a barrier to bacteria, preventing infections. But, in chronic venous insufficiency, the skin is fragile, and this barrier is susceptible to bacterial infections that can enter the tissues through cracks or breakages within the skin.
In chronic venous insufficiency, the skin around the ankles is most affected, and infections can begin here. Untreated and recurrent cellulitis might eventually lead to bacteremia (bacteria in the blood), endocarditis (an infection of the heart's inner lining), osteomyelitis (a serious bone inflammation caused by infection), toxic shock syndrome (a rare, life-threatening complication of certain bacterial infections), or sepsis (a life-threatening complication of an infection). Rarely the infection can spread to the deep layer of tissue called the fascial lining. Necrotizing fasciitis is an example of a deep-layer infection. This is an extreme emergency.
One of the significant concerns related to chronic venous insufficiency is its association with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). DVT occurs when a blood clot forms in the deep veins of the legs, which can be a life-threatening condition if the clot dislodges and travels to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism (PE). People with CVI may be at a higher risk of developing DVT due to the altered blood flow in the affected veins.
Chronic venous insufficiency can also lead to the development of venous ulcers, particularly in the lower legs. These ulcers can be painful, slow to heal, and prone to infection. If not appropriately managed, chronic ulcers may increase the risk of systemic infections, further impacting overall health.
Living with chronic venous insufficiency and its related symptoms can also take a toll on a person's mental health. Persistent pain, mobility issues, and the appearance of venous ulcers can lead to feelings of frustration, anxiety, and depression, affecting overall well-being and potentially contributing to a decline in life satisfaction.
While CVI may not have a direct impact on life expectancy, it is crucial to manage the condition effectively to improve the patient's quality of life and reduce the risk of complications. Here are some recommended lifestyle modifications and treatments for chronic venous insufficiency:
Chronic venous insufficiency may not directly affect life expectancy, but its impact on quality of life and its association with complications like deep vein thrombosis cannot be overlooked. Proper management, lifestyle modifications, and timely medical interventions are essential to alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of potential complications.
If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of CVI, it's crucial to seek medical advice and take proactive steps to maintain overall health and well-being.
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