When it comes to vascular health, some common conditions, such as spider veins, can be treated for strictly cosmetic reasons. Others are rarer but may come with severe physical symptoms, risks, and complications if left untreated. This is the case with Buerger disease, a serious condition affecting the blood vessels in the arms, legs, and feet. Understanding the symptoms, risk factors, and preventative measures of this complex disorder can help protect venous health by identifying potential issues before they worsen.
Keep reading as we discuss what causes Buerger disease—also known as thromboangiitis obliterans—and clarify its impact on overall vein health.
Are you concerned about your personal vein health? Let a board-certified Center for Vein Restoration (CVR) physician put your mind at ease. Our caring team members are proud to guide you and keep you comfortable as you take steps toward physical and emotional well-being. Call 240-965-3915 to speak to a Patient Services Representative or schedule a consultation online at a CVR near you today.
Before delving into the background and potential contributors to Buerger disease, let’s clarify its symptoms and what they mean for circulatory health. We mentioned that the condition affects blood vessels in the arms, legs, and feet—but how?
According to the Cleveland Clinic, inflammation in blood vessels affected by Buerger disease makes it difficult to sustain adequate blood flow. This can cause blood clots, which exacerbate the problem. The result is pain and tissue damage that begins in your fingers and toes and spreads to your arms and legs.
Buerger disease develops slowly, but early signs may include:
Once the condition has progressed further, additional symptoms may show, such as:
Perhaps the largest set of risk factors are related to tobacco and smoking. These include:
According to the Mayo Clinic, some research also shows a connection between long-term marijuana use and blood vessel damage similar to those found in patients with Buerger disease. Overall, the condition is most prevalent in parts of the world where heavy tobacco use is more common, such as areas of the Mediterranean, Middle East, and Asia.
Why the link to tobacco? It’s thought that something in tobacco damages the lining of the blood vessels. Some scientists believe Buerger disease is an autoimmune disease, and family history may also affect your risk. Ultimately, men ages 20 to 45 have the highest risk of developing the condition.
According to the National Library of Medicine, Austrian surgeon Felix von Winiwarter first identified Buerger's disease in 1879. It was originally described in a clinical case study as “presenile spontaneous gangrene.”
The name comes from Austrian-American pathologist, surgeon, and urologist Leo Buerger. He named the condition and highlighted its connection to thrombosis while emphasizing the role of tobacco, which he noted was likely a contributing factor by 1924.
While rare, complications of Buerger disease can be debilitating, making it crucial to stay aware of any related symptoms you may be experiencing and their level of severity over time. Complications may include:
In extreme cases, amputation of fingers or toes may be required.
We’ve said that there’s no “cure” for Buerger disease, but abstaining from all tobacco, marijuana, and nicotine use is the best way to reduce your risk. In fact, it’s also the only action that may mitigate the condition’s symptoms. Once Buerger disease onsets, those who continue to smoke often experience the complications listed above.
Clotting risks, amputation, ulcers…while Buerger disease has plenty of vein-related complications, it’s far from the only condition that can impact venous health. That alone makes it critical to understand the small but steady steps that can dramatically improve your vein health on a day-to-day basis.
While quitting smoking is the best way to treat the symptoms of Buerger disease and prevent further complications, remember these strategies to help protect your veins and prioritize lifelong vascular health:
Engage in regular exercise to improve circulation, such as walking, swimming, or cycling.
Focus on a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Foods high in antioxidants, such as berries and leafy greens, can improve vein and circulatory health.
Drink plenty of water to help maintain good circulation and overall health.
Elevating your legs above your heart throughout the day can improve blood flow if you experience swelling or discomfort. Similarly, alternating between a sitting and standing position improves circulation and can ease uncomfortable symptoms.
Medical-grade compression stockings are designed to help reduce swelling and improve circulation. Wear a pair that has been measured to fit your legs, and consider replacing them every three to six months for the best results.
Moderating the amount of alcohol you drink can improve overall vascular health.
Stress has become a virtually unavoidable part of daily life for many. According to the University of Rochester Medical Center, long-term stress raises cortisol levels, which can increase cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, and blood sugar. These changes are common risk factors for heart disease and may lead to plaque buildup in the arteries. With that in mind, practicing stress-reducing techniques such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing improves venous health and overall wellness.
Buerger disease can have a severe impact on your venous health. While staying away from tobacco and smoking is considered the best method of treatment, understanding its connection to overall vein health is critical for anyone with concerns about their circulatory well-being.
If you’re suffering from any symptoms of vein disease—especially signs that may indicate higher clotting risks—CVR experts are here to provide clarity and support by helping you navigate your treatment options while managing your vein care and recovery.
CVR accepts most major insurance plans, including Aetna, Blue Cross/Blue Shield, and Medicare.
Call 240-965-3915 to speak to a Patient Services Representative or schedule your consultation online at a CVR near you today.
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